Zenk J, Hosemann W G, Iro H
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1998 May;85(5):576-80. doi: 10.1016/s1079-2104(98)90294-3.
In assessing new minimally invasive diagnostic techniques (duct endoscopy) and therapy (lithotripsy), it is of importance to know the true dimensions of the excretory ducts. Twenty-five ducts of the parotid gland and 20 ducts of the submandibular gland were examined histologically at different points of their anatomic course, and their in vivo diameters were evaluated with the use of a previously determined formalin-induced shrinking-factor. The mean diameter of Stensen's duct at four different points along its length ranged between 1.4 mm and 0.5 mm, with a maximum of 2.3 mm and a minimum of 0.1 mm, depending on the site. A narrowing at the middle of the duct was striking. In all preparations examined, the minimum width of the excretory duct was located at the ostium. In Wharton's duct the narrowest duct diameter was also identified at the ostium. The mean values for the duct diameters ranged between 1.5 mm and 0.5 mm. The largest duct diameter reached 2.2 mm; the smallest one, 0.2 mm. For diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, endoscopes, balloon catheters, and stone-extraction-baskets probably should, despite the extensibility of the duct, conform as much as possible to the physiologic duct widths. A diameter of 1.2 mm should be aimed at as an upper limit for these instruments. Our findings also suggest that, in the case of salivary stone lithotripsy, the best results will be achieved when the maximum size of stone fragments does not exceed 1.2 mm.
在评估新型微创诊断技术（导管内镜检查）和治疗方法（碎石术）时，了解排泄导管的真实尺寸非常重要。对25根腮腺导管和20根下颌下腺导管在其解剖行程的不同点进行了组织学检查，并使用先前确定的福尔马林诱导收缩因子评估其体内直径。腮腺导管在其长度上四个不同点的平均直径在1.4毫米至0.5毫米之间，最大为2.3毫米，最小为0.1毫米，具体取决于部位。导管中部的狭窄很明显。在所有检查的标本中，排泄导管的最小宽度位于开口处。在颌下腺导管中，最窄的导管直径也在开口处确定。导管直径的平均值在1.5毫米至0.5毫米之间。最大导管直径达到2.2毫米；最小的为0.2毫米。出于诊断和治疗目的，尽管导管具有可扩展性，但内窥镜、球囊导管和取石篮可能应尽可能符合生理导管宽度。这些器械的上限直径应设定为1.2毫米。我们的研究结果还表明，在唾液结石碎石术中，当结石碎片的最大尺寸不超过1.2毫米时，将取得最佳效果。
