Cancian M, Meyer D R
LaFollette Institute of Public Affairs, School of Social Work, Institute for Research on Poverty, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706, USA.
Demography. 1998 May;35(2):147-57.
Changes in the living arrangements of children have implications for social policy and children's well-being. Understanding who gets custody on divorce--mother, father, or both sharing custody--can also inform our understanding of family organization and the merits of alternative theories of marriage and divorce. We examine physical-custody outcomes among recent Wisconsin divorces in an effort to understand the factors associated with shared custody as well as mother-sole custody and father-sole custody. Although mother-sole custody remains the dominant arrangement, shared custody has increased over a nine-year period. We find that the probability of shared custody increases with parent's income. Prior marital history, parents' ages, the age and gender of children, and the legal process also have an impact on the probability of shared custody. In contrast to shared custody, the probability of father-sole custody decreases with parent's income, while the relationship with other significant factors is generally similar. The notable exception is that, unlike shared custody, we find no evidence for an increase over time in the probability of father-sole custody. We also find that when the father has a higher proportion of the couple's total income, both shared custody and father-sole custody are more likely.
儿童生活安排的变化对社会政策和儿童福祉具有影响。了解离婚时谁获得监护权——母亲、父亲还是双方共同监护——也有助于我们理解家庭组织以及婚姻和离婚替代理论的价值。我们研究了威斯康星州近期离婚案件中的实际监护结果，以了解与共同监护以及母亲单独监护和父亲单独监护相关的因素。尽管母亲单独监护仍然是主要的安排，但在九年时间里共同监护有所增加。我们发现，共同监护的可能性随着父母收入的增加而增加。先前的婚姻史、父母的年龄、孩子的年龄和性别以及法律程序也会对共同监护的可能性产生影响。与共同监护不同，父亲单独监护的可能性随着父母收入的增加而降低，而与其他重要因素的关系总体上相似。值得注意的例外是，与共同监护不同，我们没有发现父亲单独监护的可能性随时间增加的证据。我们还发现，当父亲在夫妻总收入中所占比例较高时，共同监护和父亲单独监护的可能性都更大。
