Martin R J, DiFiore J M, Jana L, Davis R L, Miller M J, Coles S K, Dick T E
Department of Pediatrics, Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-6010, USA.
J Pediatr. 1998 Jun;132(6):960-4. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(98)70391-9.
To characterize postnatal maturation of the biphasic ventilatory response to hypoxia in order to determine whether it persists beyond the first weeks of life in preterm infants, and the contributions of respiratory frequency and tidal volume to this response.
Stable preterm infants were studied at two postnatal ages, 2 to 3 weeks (n = 12) and 4 to 8 weeks (n = 12), before hospital discharge at 35 weeks (range, 33 to 38 weeks) of postconceptional age. Infants were exposed to 5 minutes of 15% (or 13%) inspired oxygen; ventilation, oxygen saturation, end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide, and heart rate were simultaneously recorded.
Minute ventilation exhibited a characteristic biphasic response to hypoxia at both postnatal ages, regardless of the development of periodic breathing. At both ages there was a transient increase in tidal volume, which peaked at 1 minute, accompanied by a sustained decrease in respiratory frequency as a result of significant prolongation of expiratory time.
The characteristic biphasic ventilatory response to hypoxia persists into the second month of postnatal life in preterm infants. We speculate that this finding is consistent with the prolonged vulnerability of such infants to neonatal apnea.
描述对缺氧的双相通气反应的出生后成熟情况，以确定其在早产儿出生后的最初几周后是否持续存在，以及呼吸频率和潮气量对该反应的作用。
对出生后年龄分别为2至3周（n = 12）和4至8周（n = 12）的稳定早产儿进行研究，这些婴儿在孕龄35周（范围为33至38周）出院前接受研究。婴儿暴露于吸入氧浓度为15%（或13%）的环境中5分钟；同时记录通气、血氧饱和度、呼气末二氧化碳分压和心率。
无论周期性呼吸的发展情况如何，在两个出生后年龄阶段，分钟通气量对缺氧均表现出典型的双相反应。在两个年龄阶段，潮气量均出现短暂增加，在1分钟时达到峰值，同时由于呼气时间显著延长，呼吸频率持续下降。
早产儿对缺氧的典型双相通气反应持续到出生后第二个月。我们推测这一发现与这类婴儿对新生儿呼吸暂停的长期易感性一致。
