Schindler A E
Zentrum für Frauenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Essen.
Zentralbl Gynakol. 1998;120(5):241-4.
Generally, obesity represents a risk factor for pregnancy and birth. Already the conception rate is lowered. If pregnancy occurs, there is an increased abortion rate and an increase of neural tube defects. The efficiency of prenatal diagnosis is decreased by obesity. In obese women pregnancy is more frequently associated with complications such as chronic hypertension, gestosis, disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism, liver- and cardiac dysfunction. Central obesity has the highest risk probability. Also during birth the risk of complications is dependent upon the degree of obesity. This applies to the whole delivery process, operative deliveries and the perinatal mortality. Operative delivery by cesarean section is associated with a higher complication rate compared with pregnant women with normal weight. The postpartal course of body weight has to be controlled particularly in obese women.
一般来说，肥胖是怀孕和分娩的一个风险因素。受孕率已经降低。如果怀孕发生，流产率会增加，神经管缺陷也会增多。肥胖会降低产前诊断的效率。肥胖女性怀孕更常伴有慢性高血压、妊娠中毒症、碳水化合物代谢紊乱、肝脏和心脏功能障碍等并发症。中心性肥胖的风险概率最高。在分娩过程中，并发症的风险也取决于肥胖程度。这适用于整个分娩过程、手术分娩和围产期死亡率。与体重正常的孕妇相比，剖宫产手术分娩的并发症发生率更高。尤其对于肥胖女性，产后体重变化必须加以控制。
