Grant W F, Owens E T
Department of Plant Science, P.O. Box 4000, Macdonald Campus of McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, QC, Canada.
Mutat Res. 1998 Jun;410(3):291-307. doi: 10.1016/s1383-5742(98)00004-0.
Crepis capillaris (2n=6) is an excellent plant for the assay of chromosome aberrations after chemical treatment. C. tectorum (2n=8) has been used also in mutagenic studies, but to a much lesser extent. A protocol has been given for using root tips to study the cytological endpoints, such as chromosome breaks and exchanges, which follow the testing of chemicals in somatic cells. Meiotic endpoints have not been used in C. capillaris for testing potential chemical mutagens but should be considered, especially a meiotic micronucleus assay. From a literature survey, 81 chemicals are tabulated that have been assayed in 162 Crepis assays for their clastogenic effects. Of the 162 assays that have been carried out, 40 are reported at giving a positive reaction (i.e., causing chromosome aberrations), 97 positive and with a dose response, 7 borderline positive, and 17 negative. Eighty-five percent of the chemicals gave a definite positive response. Assays for one chemical gave contrary results, and were not included in the above tabulation. The Crepis bioassay has been shown to be an excellent plant bioassay for assessing chromosome damage induced by chemicals and environmental pollutants.
线叶还阳参（2n = 6）是用于检测化学处理后染色体畸变的优良植物。屋顶还阳参（2n = 8）也已用于诱变研究，但使用程度要小得多。已经给出了一个使用根尖来研究细胞学终点的方案，如染色体断裂和交换，这些终点是在体细胞中进行化学物质测试后出现的。在检测潜在化学诱变剂时，线叶还阳参尚未使用减数分裂终点，但应予以考虑，特别是减数分裂微核试验。通过文献调查，列出了81种化学物质，它们在162项线叶还阳参试验中检测了其致断裂效应。在已进行的162项试验中，40项报告呈阳性反应（即引起染色体畸变），97项呈阳性且有剂量反应，7项临界阳性，17项阴性。85%的化学物质给出了明确的阳性反应。对一种化学物质的试验给出了相反的结果，未列入上述表格。线叶还阳参生物测定已被证明是评估化学物质和环境污染物诱导的染色体损伤的优良植物生物测定。
