Pereira S R, Menezes G A, Franco G C, Costa A E, Ribeiro A M
Departamento de Psicologia-FAFICH, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1998 Jun;60(2):305-11. doi: 10.1016/s0091-3057(97)00472-3.
We have studied learning, memory and cortical cholinergic parameters after oral administration of 20% v/v ethanol solution to male Fisher rats for 6 months. A group of rats were trained to behave efficiently in an eight-arm radial maze and after that split into two subgroups submitted to ethanol or control treatment. Ethanol-treated rats had more difficulty in relearning the same task 1 year later, compared to ethanol-untreated rats (control). Differences in working memory performance were found, but only in the first 10 training sessions. Another group of rats, which had not been pretrained, was also split into two subgroups submitted to ethanol or control treatment. After that, these rats were trained in the radial maze task for the first time. No significant difference was found between the reference memory performance of the untreated subgroup and the treated one. These two subgroups did not significantly differ in their working memory performance either. Moreover, there were no significant differences between treated and control subjects in the following biochemical brain cortical parameters: in vitro acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and stimulated acetylcholine (ACh) release. This work presents an experimental design that allows assessment of remote memory performance after ethanol chronic consumption and shows that the experimental subject is able to retain the behaviors learned 1 year before. It was concluded that chronic ethanol treatment may cause retrograde amnesia, which does not seem to be linked with a cortical cholinergic deficit.
我们研究了给雄性费希尔大鼠口服20% v/v乙醇溶液6个月后的学习、记忆和皮质胆碱能参数。一组大鼠被训练在八臂放射状迷宫中高效行动，之后分为接受乙醇或对照处理的两个亚组。与未接受乙醇处理的大鼠（对照组）相比，接受乙醇处理的大鼠在1年后重新学习相同任务时遇到更多困难。发现了工作记忆表现上的差异，但仅在前10次训练 session 中。另一组未预先训练的大鼠也分为接受乙醇或对照处理的两个亚组。之后，这些大鼠首次在放射状迷宫任务中接受训练。未处理亚组和处理亚组的参考记忆表现之间未发现显著差异。这两个亚组的工作记忆表现也没有显著差异。此外，在以下脑皮质生化参数方面，处理组和对照组之间没有显著差异：体外乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）活性和刺激后的乙酰胆碱（ACh）释放。这项工作提出了一种实验设计，可用于评估长期摄入乙醇后的远期记忆表现，并表明实验对象能够保留1年前学到的行为。得出的结论是，长期乙醇处理可能导致逆行性遗忘，这似乎与皮质胆碱能缺陷无关。
