Lamb C R, Gregory S P
Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1998 May-Jun;39(3):218-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.1998.tb00343.x.
To evaluate ultrasonography as an alternative to contrast radiography for diagnosis of ectopic ureter in dogs, ultrasonography of the urinary tract was performed prospectively in a series of urinary incontinent dogs anesthetized for contrast radiography. Fourteen dogs had ectopic ureter based on surgical, necropsy or unequivocal contrast radiographic findings. There were eight females and six males of a variety of breeds; five were Labrador retrievers. Mean (range) age at the time of diagnosis was 1.2 (0.2-4) years for females and 3.5 (0.3-5) for males (p < 0.05). Ectopic ureters were unilateral in five dogs (2 left; 3 right) and bilateral in nine dogs. Both ultrasound images and contrast radiographs were positive for 21 (91%) ectopic ureters; the same two ectopic ureters were not detected using either modality. The termination of each of the five normal ureters was visible on ultrasound images; two (40%) were visible on radiographs. Other ultrasonographic findings included dilatation of the ectopic ureter and/or ipsilateral renal pelvis in ten (43%) instances, evidence of pyelonephritis in two dogs (with enlargement of the contralateral kidney in one dog), and urethral diverticuli in one dog. Ultrasonography is a practical diagnostic test for ectopic ureter in dogs. In this series there was close correlation between the ultrasonographic and contrast radiographic findings for each ectopic ureter, but ultrasonography enabled more accurate determination of normal ureteral anatomy.
为评估超声检查作为犬异位输尿管造影诊断的替代方法，对一系列因造影检查而麻醉的尿失禁犬进行了前瞻性尿路超声检查。根据手术、尸检或明确的造影检查结果，14只犬患有异位输尿管。有8只雌性和6只雄性，品种各异；5只为拉布拉多寻回犬。诊断时雌性的平均（范围）年龄为1.2（0.2 - 4）岁，雄性为3.5（0.3 - 5）岁（p < 0.05）。5只犬（2只左侧；3只右侧）的异位输尿管为单侧，9只犬为双侧。21条（91%）异位输尿管的超声图像和造影检查均为阳性；两种检查方法均未检测到相同的两条异位输尿管。5条正常输尿管的末端在超声图像上可见；2条（40%）在造影检查中可见。其他超声检查结果包括10例（43%）异位输尿管和/或同侧肾盂扩张，2只犬有肾盂肾炎迹象（其中1只犬对侧肾脏增大），1只犬有尿道憩室。超声检查是犬异位输尿管的一种实用诊断方法。在本系列中，每条异位输尿管的超声检查结果与造影检查结果密切相关，但超声检查能更准确地确定正常输尿管解剖结构。
