Belsky J, Hsieh K H, Crnic K
Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA.
Dev Psychopathol. 1998 Spring;10(2):301-19. doi: 10.1017/s095457949800162x.
To examine the effects of infant negative emotionality and of mothering and fathering during the toddler years on 3-year-old boys' externalizing problems and inhibition, as well as explore the proposition that children vary in their susceptibility to rearing influence, 125 first-born, Caucasian boys from maritally intact families were studied. Results revealed that when infant negativity is measured with objective, replicable, and discriminantly valid procedures, no relation obtains between it and externalizing problems (nor inhibition). Moreover, as hypothesized on the basis of prior work, parenting was a stronger predictor of externalizing problems and inhibition in the case of children who were highly negative as infants. Mothering proved a stronger predictor of externalizing problems and fathering of inhibition, with more negative mothering in the 2nd and 3rd year forecasting higher CBCL-externalizing scores and less negative fathering in the 2nd and 3rd year and more positive fathering in the 2nd year forecasting more inhibition at age 3 Implications of these findings for studies of parental influence are considered.
为了研究婴儿期的消极情绪以及幼儿期父母教养方式对3岁男孩外化问题和抑制能力的影响，并探讨儿童对养育影响的易感性存在差异这一观点，对来自婚姻关系完整家庭的125名头胎白人男孩进行了研究。结果显示，当用客观、可重复且具有区分效度的程序来测量婴儿期的消极情绪时，它与外化问题（以及抑制能力）之间不存在关联。此外，正如基于先前研究假设的那样，对于婴儿期高度消极的儿童，养育方式对外化问题和抑制能力的预测作用更强。事实证明，母亲的教养方式对外化问题的预测作用更强，而父亲的教养方式对抑制能力的预测作用更强，第二年和第三年母亲的消极程度越高，儿童行为检查表（CBCL）中的外化得分就越高，第二年和第三年父亲的消极程度越低以及第二年父亲的积极程度越高，则预示着孩子在3岁时的抑制能力越强。本文还考虑了这些研究结果对父母影响研究的启示。
