Williams D N
Department of Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, USA.
Minn Med. 1998 May;81(5):25-9.
Antimicrobial resistance is an important issue when treating patients with various bacterial, fungal, protozoal, and viral infections. Until recently, the focus of concern was on nosocomially acquired infections. However, organisms causing common community-acquired infections have now developed antimicrobial resistance. This paper provides a brief overview of this emerging global threat and discusses resistance in gram-positive organisms, outpatient and antibiotic use, and strategies to reduce antibiotic overuse. Curbing the overuse of antibiotics is crucial to reversing the increase in drug-resistant bacteria. We need to develop guidelines and educate physicians and the public on the use of antibiotics for respiratory syndromes with predominantly viral etiologies.
在治疗患有各种细菌、真菌、原生动物和病毒感染的患者时，抗菌药物耐药性是一个重要问题。直到最近，关注的焦点还是医院获得性感染。然而，引起常见社区获得性感染的病原体现在也已产生了抗菌药物耐药性。本文简要概述了这一全球新出现的威胁，并讨论了革兰氏阳性菌的耐药性、门诊治疗及抗生素使用情况，以及减少抗生素过度使用的策略。遏制抗生素的过度使用对于扭转耐药菌增加的趋势至关重要。我们需要制定指南，并就主要由病毒引起的呼吸道综合征使用抗生素的问题对医生和公众进行教育。
