Palmer D L, Folds-Bennett T
College of Charleston, USA.
Percept Mot Skills. 1998 Apr;86(2):363-70. doi: 10.2466/pms.1998.86.2.363.
Effects of sex and competition on receptive attention and Stroop task performance of 59 college students were investigated, 33 participants in a competitive condition were informed that performance would be ranked by sex; 36 in a noncompetitive condition were given no information regarding competition. Consistent with previous research, no significant main effects or interactions were found for scores on the receptive attention task. Contrary to previous findings, though, the Stroop task also yielded no significant main effects; however, a significant interaction was found. Men experienced more interference in the competitive condition, whereas women showed no significant effects of competition. Women did experience more interference than men in the Noncompetitive condition. Conclusions suggest that men may be more sensitive to sex-based performance comparisons.
研究了性别和竞争对59名大学生接受性注意力及斯特鲁普任务表现的影响，33名处于竞争条件下的参与者被告知表现将按性别排名；36名处于非竞争条件下的参与者未得到任何有关竞争的信息。与之前的研究一致，在接受性注意力任务的得分上未发现显著的主效应或交互作用。然而，与之前的研究结果相反，斯特鲁普任务也未产生显著的主效应；不过，发现了一个显著的交互作用。男性在竞争条件下受到的干扰更多，而女性则未表现出竞争的显著影响。在非竞争条件下，女性确实比男性受到更多干扰。结论表明，男性可能对基于性别的表现比较更为敏感。
