Practical use of 'Diprifusor' systems.

This paper describes practical aspects relating to the safe use of target controlled infusion systems in anaesthesia. Consideration is given to the correct use of syringes and infusion lines for any target controlled infusion system. The importance of appropriate connections, minimising infusion line dead space and the avoidance of syphoning are emphasised. The first two commercially available infusion pumps to incorporate the 'Diprifusor' module for the administration of propofol by target controlled infusion are the Graseby 3500 (Graseby Medical Ltd) and the Vial Master TCI (Fresenius Vial SA, originally developed by Becton Dickinson). Particular features of these systems are discussed. Finally, the practical consequences of possible misuse of infusion systems incorporating pharmacokinetic models are considered.