Cunha B A
Infectious Disease Division, Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, NY 11501, USA.
Semin Respir Infect. 1998 Jun;13(2):116-27.
Legionnaires' disease is a systemic infectious disease primarily involving the lungs, with multisystemic extrapulmonary manifestations. Any species of Legionella may cause legionnaires' disease in normal and compromised hosts. The clinical diagnosis of legionnaires' disease may be made on the basis of associated extrapulmonary clinical and laboratory findings. Although no single finding in legionnaires' disease is pathognomonic, the association of key extrapulmonary constitutes a typical pattern that is diagnostically characteristic. The syndromic approach based on a weighted point evaluation system described in the article gives physicians a system to arrive at a rapid presumptive clinical diagnosis of legionnaires' disease. Definitive diagnosis of legionnaires' disease is by direct fluorescent antibody testing of respiratory specimens, serological methods, Legionella urinary antigenuria, or culture.
军团病是一种主要累及肺部的全身性传染病，伴有多系统肺外表现。任何种类的军团菌都可能在正常宿主和免疫功能受损的宿主中引起军团病。军团病的临床诊断可基于相关的肺外临床和实验室检查结果做出。虽然军团病中没有单一的发现具有确诊意义，但关键肺外表现的组合构成了一种具有诊断特征的典型模式。本文所述的基于加权评分系统的综合征诊断方法为医生提供了一种快速做出军团病临床初步诊断的系统。军团病的确诊通过对呼吸道标本进行直接荧光抗体检测、血清学方法、军团菌尿抗原检测或培养来实现。
