Munro B J, Steele J R, Bashford G M, Ryan M, Britten N
Department of Biomedical Science, University of Wollongong, and Institute of Rehabilitation and Allied Health, NSW, Australia.
J Biomech. 1998 Mar;31(3):263-71. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9290(97)00130-9.
Twelve elderly female rheumatoid arthritis patients (mean age = 65.5 +/- 8.6 yr) were assessed rising from an instrumented Eser Ejector chair under four conditions: high seat (540 mm), low seat (450 mm), with and without the ejector mechanism operating. Sagittal plane motion, ground reaction forces, and vertical chair arm rest forces were recorded during each trial with the signals synchronised at initial subject head movement. When rising from a high seat, subjects displayed significantly (p < 0.05) greater time to seat off; greater trunk, knee and ankle angles at seat off; increased ankle angular displacement; decreased knee angular displacement; and decreased total net and normalised arm rest forces compared to rising from a low seat. When rising using the ejector mechanism, time to seat off and trunk and knee angle at seat off significantly increased, whereas trunk and knee angular displacement, and total net and normalised arm rest forces significantly decreased compared to rising unassisted. Regardless of seat height or ejector mechanism use, there were no significant differences in the peak, or time to peak horizontal velocity of the subjects' total body centre of mass, or net knee and ankle moments. It was concluded that increased seat height and use of the ejector mechanism facilitated sit-to-stand transfers performed by elderly female rheumatoid arthritic patients. However, using the ejector chair may be preferred by these patients compared to merely raising seat height because it does not necessitate the use of a footstool, a possible obstacle contributing to falls.
12名老年女性类风湿性关节炎患者（平均年龄 = 65.5 ± 8.6岁）在四种条件下从配备仪器的埃塞尔弹射椅起身时接受评估：高座椅（540毫米）、低座椅（450毫米），有和没有弹射机制运行。在每次试验期间记录矢状面运动、地面反作用力和垂直椅扶手力，信号在受试者头部初始运动时同步。与从低座椅起身相比，从高座椅起身时，受试者的离座时间显著更长（p < 0.05）；离座时躯干、膝盖和脚踝角度更大；脚踝角位移增加；膝盖角位移减少；总净扶手力和标准化扶手力降低。使用弹射机制起身时，与无辅助起身相比，离座时间以及离座时的躯干和膝盖角度显著增加，而躯干和膝盖角位移以及总净扶手力和标准化扶手力显著降低。无论座椅高度或是否使用弹射机制，受试者全身质心的峰值水平速度或达到峰值的时间、净膝盖和脚踝力矩均无显著差异。得出的结论是，增加座椅高度和使用弹射机制有助于老年女性类风湿性关节炎患者进行从坐到站的转移。然而，与仅提高座椅高度相比，这些患者可能更喜欢使用弹射椅，因为它不需要使用脚凳，而脚凳可能是导致跌倒的一个障碍。
