McElwee K J, Boggess D, Olivry T, Oliver R F, Whiting D, Tobin D J, Bystryn J C, King L E, Sundberg J P
The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609-1500, USA.
Pathobiology. 1998;66(2):90-107. doi: 10.1159/000028002.
Alopecia areata (AA) is a nonscarring form of inflammatory hair loss in humans. AA-like hair loss has also been observed in other species. In recent years the Dundee experimental bald rat and the C3H/HeJ mouse have been put forward as models for human AA. AA in all species presents with a wide range of clinical features from focal, locally extensive, diffuse hair loss, to near universal alopecia. Histologically, all species have dystrophic anagen stage hair follicles associated with a peri- and intrafollicular inflammatory cell infiltrate. Autoantibodies directed against anagen stage hair follicle structures are a consistent finding. Observations on AA pathogenesis suggest nonhuman species can provide excellent models for the human disease. Ultimately, animal models will be used to determine the genetic basis of AA, potential endogenous and/or environmental trigger(s), mechanism(s) of disease initiation and progression, and allow rapid evaluation of new and improved disease treatments.
斑秃（AA）是一种发生于人类的非瘢痕性炎症性脱发。在其他物种中也观察到了类似斑秃的脱发情况。近年来，邓迪实验性秃头大鼠和C3H/HeJ小鼠被提出作为人类斑秃的模型。所有物种的斑秃都表现出广泛的临床特征，从局部、局部广泛、弥漫性脱发到几乎全身脱发。组织学上，所有物种都有退行期生长期毛囊，伴有毛囊周围和毛囊内炎性细胞浸润。针对生长期毛囊结构的自身抗体是一个一致的发现。对斑秃发病机制的观察表明，非人类物种可以为人类疾病提供优秀的模型。最终，动物模型将用于确定斑秃的遗传基础、潜在的内源性和/或环境触发因素、疾病发生和进展的机制，并允许快速评估新的和改进的疾病治疗方法。
