Workman W J, Trivedi A, Cornett R J
Health, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences Division, Chalk River Laboratories, AECL, Ontario, Canada.
Health Phys. 1998 Jul;75(1):56-9. doi: 10.1097/00004032-199807000-00009.
The average tritiated water concentration in the indoor air of the occupationally exposed worker's residence (55 Bq m(-3), range 53-59 Bq m(-3)) was higher than the indoor air of control residences (0.7 Bq m(-3), range 0.4-0.8 Bq m(-3)). The worker had an average concentration of tritium-in-urine of 30 kBq L(-1) from chronic intakes of occupational levels of tritiated water. Higher residential concentrations of tritiated water vapor were due to tritium transferred by the worker. Urine samples from an adult co-occupant were collected and had tritiated water concentrations between 89 and 345 Bq L(-1). These concentrations were higher than for individuals (range, 6-32 Bq L(-1)) living in other residences having similar outdoor and indoor concentrations of tritiated water in air. The range of measured tritiated water in urine was in agreement with the prediction of biokinetic models for tritium intakes as recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection Publication 56. The tritiated water vapor in the indoor air of the exposed worker's residence contributed about 96% of the daily tritium intakes. The annual average tritium dose to the family member (7 microSv) was well below the International Commission on Radiological Protection Publication 60 recommended annual dose limit (1 mSv) for members of the public. We conclude that, for a few members of the public living near a heavy-water research reactor facility, daily intakes of tritium will relate to tritiated water dispersed by the exposed worker, as well as to tritium transported by the atmosphere from the reactor site.
职业暴露工人住所室内空气中的平均氚化水浓度（55贝克勒尔/立方米，范围为53 - 59贝克勒尔/立方米）高于对照住所的室内空气浓度（0.7贝克勒尔/立方米，范围为0.4 - 0.8贝克勒尔/立方米）。由于长期摄入职业水平的氚化水，该工人尿液中的平均氚浓度为30千贝克勒尔/升。住所中较高的氚化水蒸汽浓度是由工人转移的氚所致。采集了一名成年同住者的尿液样本，其氚化水浓度在89至345贝克勒尔/升之间。这些浓度高于居住在空气氚化水室外和室内浓度相似的其他住所中的个人（范围为6 - 32贝克勒尔/升）。尿液中测得的氚化水范围与国际放射防护委员会第56号出版物推荐的氚摄入生物动力学模型预测结果一致。暴露工人住所室内空气中的氚化水蒸汽约占每日氚摄入量的96%。家庭成员的年平均氚剂量（7微希沃特）远低于国际放射防护委员会第60号出版物推荐的公众年剂量限值（1毫希沃特）。我们得出结论，对于居住在重水研究反应堆设施附近的少数公众成员而言，每日氚摄入量与暴露工人散布的氚化水以及反应堆场地大气传输的氚有关。
