Miller T R, Galbraith M S, Lawrence B A
Children's Safety Network Economics and Insurance Resource Center, National Public Services Research Institute, Landover, Maryland 20785, USA.
J Stud Alcohol. 1998 Jul;59(4):462-8. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1998.59.462.
Alcohol-involved crashes cost society more than $100 billion a year. Sobriety checkpoints are effective in apprehending drunk drivers. This article compares the costs and the estimated monetary benefits from a hypothetical community sobriety checkpoint program.
The analysis is constructed around a hypothetical community with 100,000 licensed drivers. A literature review suggests that a generously funded intensive checkpoint program (156 checkpoints per year) can be expected to reduce alcohol-attributable crashes by about 15%. The benefits (cost savings) of the checkpoint program are calculated using 1993 alcohol-involved crash incidence from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Costs per alcohol-involved crash and the percentage of alcohol-involved crashes attributable to alcohol are updated from published studies.
Estimated annual savings to the hypothetical community total $7.9 million. This includes $3.1 million for averted fatalities, $4.5 million for averted non-fatal injuries, and $0.3 million for averted property damage. Every $1 spent on a sobriety checkpoint program can be expected to save the community more than $6, including $1.30 of insurer costs.
An intensive sobriety checkpoint program can save a community more in automobile crash costs than the program costs.
每年因酒驾引发的撞车事故给社会造成的损失超过1000亿美元。清醒检查站在抓捕酒驾司机方面很有效。本文比较了一个假设的社区清醒检查站项目的成本和估计的货币收益。
分析围绕一个有10万名持证司机的假设社区展开。文献综述表明，一个资金充足的密集检查站项目（每年156个检查站）预计可将酒精导致的撞车事故减少约15%。检查站项目的收益（成本节约）使用美国国家公路交通安全管理局1993年的酒驾撞车事故发生率来计算。每次酒驾撞车事故的成本以及酒驾导致的撞车事故所占百分比根据已发表的研究进行了更新。
预计该假设社区每年可节省79万美元。这包括避免死亡节省31万美元，避免非致命伤害节省45万美元，避免财产损失节省3万美元。在清醒检查站项目上每花费1美元，预计可为社区节省超过6美元，其中包括保险公司成本1.30美元。
一个密集的清醒检查站项目在汽车撞车事故成本方面为社区节省的费用超过项目成本。
