Shankar A V, Gittelsohn J, West K P, Stallings R, Gnywali T, Faruque F
Center for Human Nutrition and Division of Human Nutrition, School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
J Nutr. 1998 Jul;128(7):1127-33. doi: 10.1093/jn/128.7.1127.
This case-control study evaluates the relationship between shared-plate eating behavior in young Nepali children (aged 1-6 y) and risk of vitamin A deficiency. Day-long observations of dietary practices were conducted on 7 d over a 15-mo period in 162 households: 81 households with a child with a known history of mild xerophthalmia (cases) were matched with 81 having a non-xerophthalmic child of similar age (controls). Shared-plate eating occurred in 25% of all feeding episodes and at least once in 65% of all days observed. Overall, children engaging in shared-plate eating were significantly more likely to consume grains, vegetables, carotenoid-rich vegetables, pulses, fruits, meats and fish, and dairy products and had significantly larger portion sizes for grains, vegetables, fruits, pulses and dairy products, compared with children who ate alone. In general, feeding behaviors between case and control children tended to be similar. However, shared-plate feeding episodes among case children were significantly less likely to include meats or fish [odds ratio (OR) = 0.5, confidence interval (CI) = 0.3-0.8], dairy products (OR = 0.6, CI = 0.4-0.9) or pulses (OR = 0.7, CI = 0.5-1.0). Individual-plate feeding episodes among case children were more likely to include vegetables (OR = 1.3, CI = 1.0-1.6) than those of control children. Case children were more likely to share a plate with a male adult (OR = 1.7, CI = 1.0-2.8), but less likely to eat from a plate shared with females of any age compared with controls (female adult: OR = 0.6, CI = 0.4-0.9; female child: OR = 0.6, CI = 0.4-1.0). Shared-plate eating may benefit a young child's dietary intake, but the identity of the food sharer may modify this influence.
这项病例对照研究评估了尼泊尔幼儿（1至6岁）共用餐具进食行为与维生素A缺乏风险之间的关系。在15个月的时间里，对162个家庭进行了为期7天的全天饮食行为观察：81个有轻度干眼症病史儿童的家庭（病例组）与81个有年龄相仿的无干眼症儿童的家庭（对照组）进行匹配。在所有喂食过程中，25%出现了共用餐具进食的情况，在所有观察日中，65%至少有一次共用餐具进食的情况。总体而言，与单独进食的儿童相比，共用餐具进食的儿童食用谷物、蔬菜、富含类胡萝卜素的蔬菜、豆类、水果、肉类、鱼类、乳制品的可能性显著更高，并且谷物、蔬菜、水果、豆类和乳制品的食量也显著更大。一般来说，病例组和对照组儿童的喂养行为往往相似。然而，病例组儿童共用餐具喂食时包含肉类或鱼类的可能性显著更低[比值比（OR）=0.5，置信区间（CI）=0.3 - 0.8]，包含乳制品的可能性也更低（OR = 0.6，CI = 0.4 - 0.9），包含豆类的可能性同样更低（OR = 0.7，CI = 0.5 - 1.0）。病例组儿童单独用餐具进食时包含蔬菜的可能性比对照组儿童更高（OR = 1.3，CI = 1.0 - 1.6）。病例组儿童与男性成年人共用餐具的可能性更大（OR = 1.7，CI = 1.0 - 2.8），但与对照组相比，与任何年龄段女性共用餐具进食的可能性更低（成年女性：OR = 0.6，CI = 0.4 - 0.9；女童：OR = 0.6，CI = 0.4 - 1.0）。共用餐具进食可能有益于幼儿的饮食摄入，但食物分享者的身份可能会改变这种影响。
