格拉司琼预防腹腔镜胆囊切除术后恶心呕吐的有效剂量。
Effective dose of granisetron for the prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
作者信息
Fujii Y, Saitoh Y, Tanaka H, Toyooka H
机构信息
Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Tsukuba Institute of Clinical Medicine, Ibaraki, Japan.
出版信息
Eur J Anaesthesiol. 1998 May;15(3):287-91.
This study was undertaken to determine the minimum effective dose of granisetron, a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 receptor antagonist, for the prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in female patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. In randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, 120 women were assigned to receive either placebo (saline) or granisetron at three different doses (20 micrograms kg-1, 40 micrograms kg-1 or 80 micrograms kg-1) intravenously immediately before the induction of anaesthesia. All patients received standardized anaesthesia consisting of isoflurane and nitrous oxide in oxygen. The incidence of PONV during the first 24 hours after anaesthesia was 43, 40, 13 and 13% after administration of placebo and granisetron 20 micrograms kg-1, 40 micrograms kg-1 and 80 micrograms kg-1, respectively (P < 0.05, overall Fisher's exact probability test). Adverse effects post-operatively were not different among the groups. In conclusion, granisetron 40 micrograms kg-1 is the minimum effective dose in the prevention of PONV after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
本研究旨在确定选择性5-羟色胺3型受体拮抗剂格拉司琼预防择期腹腔镜胆囊切除术女性患者术后恶心呕吐（PONV）的最小有效剂量。在一项随机、安慰剂对照、双盲研究中，120名女性被分配在麻醉诱导前即刻静脉注射安慰剂（生理盐水）或三种不同剂量（20微克/千克、40微克/千克或80微克/千克）的格拉司琼。所有患者均接受由异氟烷和笑气加氧气组成的标准化麻醉。麻醉后24小时内，安慰剂组、20微克/千克格拉司琼组、40微克/千克格拉司琼组和80微克/千克格拉司琼组PONV的发生率分别为43%、40%、13%和13%（P<0.05，总体Fisher确切概率检验）。术后各组间不良反应无差异。结论：40微克/千克格拉司琼是预防腹腔镜胆囊切除术后PONV的最小有效剂量。
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