Wittich R M
Gesellschaft für Biotechnologische Forschung-GBF, Braunschweig, Germany.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 1998 May;49(5):489-99. doi: 10.1007/s002530051203.
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF; PCDD/F, dioxins) have not been commercially produced in bulk amounts, as were polychlorinated biphenyls and other haloaromatic organics. Within the past two decades a lot of information has accumulated on the biodegradation of PCDD/F and other dioxin-like compounds because of their toxicity and because of significant environmental concern about many congeners of this class of chemicals. PCDD/F are subjected to reductive dehalogenations leading to less halogenated congeners, which can be attacked efficiently by fungal and bacterial oxidases and dioxygenases. In several cases these compounds can be utilized as carbon and energy sources. Pathways for their enzymatic degradation and the organisation of the corresponding degradative genes have been elucidated. Consequently, biotechnological applications will exploit the degradative potential of such microorganisms for bioremediation of contaminated sites.
多氯代二苯并 - 对 - 二噁英（PCDD）和多氯代二苯并呋喃（PCDF；PCDD/F，二噁英）并未像多氯联苯和其他卤代芳烃有机物那样大量商业化生产。在过去二十年里，由于PCDD/F及其他类二噁英化合物的毒性以及对这类化学品许多同系物的重大环境担忧，积累了大量关于它们生物降解的信息。PCDD/F会发生还原脱卤反应，生成卤代程度较低的同系物，这些同系物能够被真菌和细菌的氧化酶及双加氧酶有效攻击。在一些情况下，这些化合物可被用作碳源和能源。它们的酶促降解途径及相应降解基因的组织方式已得到阐明。因此，生物技术应用将利用此类微生物的降解潜力对污染场地进行生物修复。
