Preciado J A, García Tapia R, Infante J C
Hospital San Millán, Logroño, Clínica Universitaria, Navarra, Pamplona.
Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 1998 Mar;49(2):137-42.
A study was made of the prevalence of voice disorders and their risk factors in teaching professionals of Logroño, Spain. A prevalence and case-control study was made, including interviews, ENT examination, videostrobolaryngoscopy, perceptual evaluation of hoarseness, basic aerodynamic tests, the physical range of phonation, and a physical analysis of the acoustic signal. The prevalence of voice disorders among Logroño teachers was 17.7% (confidence interval: 12.1-25%). Nodular lesions (8.1%) were the most frequent pathology, followed by hyperfunctional dysphonia (4.1%), chronic laryngitis (2.7%), polyps (1.4%), hypofunctional dysphonia (0.7%), and submucous suffusion (0.7%). Voice disorders were more prevalent in women (19.3%) than in men (15.6%), and among teachers of the lowest grades: 36.4% in nursery schools, 25% in elementary school, and 20.8% in junior school. The width and depth of classrooms, larger number of students, longer classroom hours, and noise level were related with the frequency of voice disorders.
对西班牙洛格罗尼奥市教师职业中的嗓音疾病患病率及其风险因素进行了一项研究。开展了一项患病率及病例对照研究，包括访谈、耳鼻喉检查、频闪喉镜检查、声音嘶哑的感知评估、基本空气动力学测试、发声的物理范围以及声学信号的物理分析。洛格罗尼奥市教师中嗓音疾病的患病率为17.7%（置信区间：12.1 - 25%）。结节性病变（8.1%）是最常见的病理情况，其次是发声功能亢进性发音障碍（4.1%）、慢性喉炎（2.7%）、息肉（1.4%）、发声功能减退性发音障碍（0.7%）以及黏膜下出血（0.7%）。嗓音疾病在女性（19.3%）中比在男性（15.6%）中更为普遍，并且在低年级教师中患病率更高：幼儿园为36.4%，小学为25%，初中为20.8%。教室的宽度和深度、学生数量较多、课时较长以及噪音水平与嗓音疾病的发生频率相关。
