Sosa-Iglesias E G, Anaya-Medina A, Portillo-Gómez L, Bermúdez García G, Gutiérrez-Cázares Z, Juárez-Ahuactzin E, Mancilla-González S
Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas CICM, Instituto de Ciencias de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
Arch Med Res. 1998 Summer;29(2):133-6.
Infectious diseases caused by H. influenzae type b are considered preventable through vaccination with Hib conjugate vaccines. Some countries which follow Hib vaccination programs are close to eradication of the disease. In Mexico in particular, little epidemiological information is available.
In this study, 90 clinical strains of H. influenzae were obtained from Mexican children who were treated in four pediatric hospitals in Puebla City, and were diagnosed with invasive or localized infectious diseases. The strains were identified by standard bacteriological methods. Biotyping was done by Kilian criteria and serotyping by coagglutination.
H. influenzae infections were found in children younger than 5 years of age, and 68.8% of the children were younger than 24 months. Sixty percent of the isolates belonged to serotype b, 31.1% were nontypeable, and 7.7% were considered non-type b. Serotype b was the most frequent isolate associated with invasive infectious diseases; however, nontypeable strains were isolated more frequently from children with otitis, sinusitis, conjunctivitis, and bronchial secretion. Non-type b serotypes were isolated from invasive and non-invasive infections in few cases. Biotypes I and IV were the most frequent isolates of H. influenzae.
This study emphasizes the urgent need for an Hib-conjugated vaccine to achieve immunization in a pediatric population.
b型流感嗜血杆菌引起的传染病被认为可通过接种b型流感嗜血杆菌结合疫苗预防。一些实施b型流感嗜血杆菌疫苗接种计划的国家已接近根除该疾病。特别是在墨西哥，几乎没有流行病学信息。
在本研究中，从普埃布拉市四家儿科医院接受治疗并被诊断为侵袭性或局部感染性疾病的墨西哥儿童中获取了90株流感嗜血杆菌临床菌株。通过标准细菌学方法对菌株进行鉴定。根据基利安标准进行生物分型，通过协同凝集进行血清分型。
在5岁以下儿童中发现了流感嗜血杆菌感染，68.8%的儿童年龄小于24个月。60%的分离株属于b血清型，31.1%为不可分型，7.7%为非b型。b血清型是与侵袭性传染病相关的最常见分离株；然而，不可分型菌株在患有中耳炎、鼻窦炎、结膜炎和支气管分泌物的儿童中分离频率更高。非b血清型在少数侵袭性和非侵袭性感染病例中被分离出来。生物型I和IV是流感嗜血杆菌最常见的分离株。
本研究强调迫切需要一种b型流感嗜血杆菌结合疫苗，以便在儿科人群中实现免疫接种。
