Restum J C, Bursian S J, Giesy J P, Render J A, Helferich W G, Shipp E B, Verbrugge D A, Aulerich R J
Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824, USA.
J Toxicol Environ Health A. 1998 Jul 10;54(5):343-75. doi: 10.1080/009841098158791.
This study was conducted to determine the multigenerational effects of consumption of PCB-contaminated carp (Cyprinus carpio) from Saginaw Bay (Lake Huron) on mink (Mustela vison) reproduction and health and to examine selected biomarkers as potential indicators of polyhalogenated hydrocarbon toxicity in mink. The mink were fed diets formulated to provide 0 (control), 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 ppm polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) through substitution of Saginaw Bay carp for ocean fish in the diets. To determine whether the effects of PCB exposure were permanent, half of the parental (P1) animals were switched from their respective treatment diets to the control diet after whelping the first of two F1 generations. Effects of in utero and lactational exposure to PCBs on subsequent reproductive performance of the F1 animals were examined by switching half of the first-year F1 offspring (kits) to the control diet at weaning, while the other half was continued on their parental diet (continuous exposure). Continuous exposure to 0.25 ppm, or more, of PCBs delayed the onset of estrus (as determined by vulvar swelling and time of mating) and lessened the whelping rate. Litters whelped by females continually exposed to 0.5 ppm, or more, of PCBs had greater mortality and lesser body weights than controls. Continuous exposure to 1.0 ppm PCBs had a variable effect on serum T4 and T3 concentrations. Compared to the controls, there were significant differences in kidney, liver, brain, spleen, heart, and thyroid gland weights of the mink continually exposed to 1.0 ppm PCBs. There was an increase in the incidence of periportal and diffuse vacuolar hepatocellular lipidosis in the P1 mink with continuous exposure to increasing concentrations of PCBs. Plasma and liver PCB concentrations of the adult and kit mink were, in general, directly related to the dietary concentration of PCBs and the duration and time of exposure. Short-term parental exposure to PCBs had detrimental effects on survival of subsequent generations of mink conceived months after the parents were placed on "clean" feed. The lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) for dietary PCBs in this study was 0.25 ppm.
本研究旨在确定食用来自休伦湖萨吉诺湾受多氯联苯污染的鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）对水貂（Mustela vison）繁殖和健康的多代影响，并检测选定的生物标志物作为水貂体内多卤代烃毒性的潜在指标。通过用萨吉诺湾鲤鱼替代日粮中的海鱼，为水貂配制了含0（对照）、0.25、0.5或1.0 ppm多氯联苯（PCBs）的日粮。为了确定多氯联苯暴露的影响是否是永久性的，在两窝F1代中的第一窝幼崽出生后，将一半的亲代（P1）动物从各自的处理日粮改为对照日粮。通过在断奶时将一半的一岁F1代后代（幼崽）改为对照日粮，而另一半继续食用亲代日粮（持续暴露），研究子宫内和哺乳期暴露于多氯联苯对F1代动物后续繁殖性能的影响。持续暴露于0.25 ppm或更高浓度的多氯联苯会延迟发情期的开始（通过外阴肿胀和交配时间确定）并降低产仔率。持续暴露于0.5 ppm或更高浓度多氯联苯的雌性所产的窝仔比对照组有更高的死亡率和更低的体重。持续暴露于1.0 ppm多氯联苯对血清T4和T3浓度有可变影响。与对照组相比持续暴露于1.0 ppm多氯联苯的水貂的肾脏、肝脏、大脑、脾脏、心脏和甲状腺重量有显著差异。持续暴露于浓度不断增加的多氯联苯的P1代水貂门周和弥漫性空泡性肝细胞脂质osis的发生率增加。成年和幼崽水貂的血浆和肝脏多氯联苯浓度通常与日粮中多氯联苯的浓度、暴露持续时间和时间直接相关。亲代短期暴露于多氯联苯对在亲代被喂食“清洁”饲料数月后受孕的后代水貂的存活有不利影响。本研究中饮食中多氯联苯的最低观察到有害作用水平（LOAEL）为0.25 ppm。
