Comings D E
Department of Medical Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010-3000, USA.
Alcohol. 1998 Jul;16(1):61-70. doi: 10.1016/s0741-8329(97)00178-x.
In 1990 Blum, Noble and coworkers reported a significant association between the 1 allele of the Tarq1A polymorphism of the D2 dopamine receptor gene (DRD2) and severe alcoholism. Subsequently, some reports using both linkage and association techniques supported this finding whereas others either did not, or seemed not to support this association. Although some of the controversy is due to true variability in the frequency of the D2A1 allele in different groups of alcoholics and controls, some is also due to the frequent attempt to apply the rules of single-gene disorders to what is in all likelihood a multifactorial, polygenic disorder. When the rules that are appropriate to polygenic inheritance are used a significant portion of the controversy is resolved. Those rules, and their application to the role of the DRD2 gene in addictive, impulsive behaviors, are reviewed.
1990年，布卢姆、诺布尔及其同事报告称，D2多巴胺受体基因（DRD2）的Tarq1A多态性的1等位基因与严重酒精中毒之间存在显著关联。随后，一些使用连锁和关联技术的报告支持了这一发现，而其他报告则不支持或似乎不支持这种关联。尽管部分争议是由于不同酒精成瘾者和对照组中D2A1等位基因频率的真实差异，但部分争议也是因为人们常常试图将单基因疾病的规则应用于极有可能是多因素、多基因的疾病。当使用适用于多基因遗传的规则时，大部分争议就会得到解决。本文将对这些规则及其在DRD2基因在成瘾性冲动行为中的作用的应用进行综述。
