D'Aoust B G, Smith K H, Swanson H T
J Appl Physiol. 1976 Sep;41(3):348-55. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1976.41.3.348.
Formulation of safe decompression procedures still requires unproven assumptions regarding both gas equilibration rates and the associated ascent criteria. Although the assumption of symmetry of uptake and elimination rates has been suspect for several years, few data are available. Measurements of actual mixed venous blood nitrogen content [vN2] during compression and following decompression in chronically catheterized awake dogs have clearly demonstrated that desaturation is markedly slower than saturation, and that this effect can be imposed by decompression. The disappearance of arteriovenous nitrogen concentration differences during desaturation following a decompression that produced decompression sickness indicates that cardiopulmonary and cardiovascular changes induced by mechanisms associated with decompression per se can potentiate its deleterious effects. Current US practices do not provide for such asymmetry, while those used in the UK have incorporated this in their models for the last decade.
安全减压程序的制定仍然需要关于气体平衡速率和相关上升标准的未经证实的假设。尽管摄取和消除速率对称性的假设多年来一直受到质疑，但可用数据很少。在长期插管的清醒犬类中，对压缩过程中和减压后的实际混合静脉血氮含量[vN2]进行测量，清楚地表明脱饱和明显慢于饱和，并且这种效应可由减压引起。在产生减压病的减压后脱饱和过程中动静脉氮浓度差异的消失表明，由减压本身相关机制引起的心肺和心血管变化可增强其有害影响。美国目前的做法没有考虑到这种不对称性，而英国过去十年使用的做法已将其纳入模型中。
