Albretsen J C, Khan S A, Richardson J A
American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals-National Animal Poison Control Center, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1998 Jul 1;213(1):99-101.
To report clinical and epidemiologic information, summarize characteristic clinical signs and laboratory results, and describe the expected course of cycad toxicosis in dogs.
Retrospective study.
60 dogs with evidence of cycad ingestion.
The National Animal Poison Control Center's case record database was searched for records of dogs ingesting cycad plants from January 1987 to November 1997. Data were retrieved on clinical signs, laboratory test results, exposure history, and physical examination findings. Cases were assessed as toxicosis, suspected toxicosis, or possible toxicosis.
Records from 60 dogs were retrieved; 89.7% of the dogs were from the southern United States, 38.7% ingested seeds, 95% developed liver and gastrointestinal tract problems, and 53.3% had abnormal neurologic signs. High serum bilirubin concentration and alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase activities were the most common serum biochemical abnormalities. Although clinical signs were observed within 1 day, laboratory values did not change for 24 to 48 hours after cycad ingestion. Mortality rate was reportedly 32.1%.
68% of dogs responded well to treatment and supportive care. Dogs ingesting seeds are likely to develop more serious problems. Clinical signs can develop within 1 to 3 days and can last for several days. A tentative diagnosis should be made on the basis of history of ingestion, clinical signs, and duration of signs. Because of the nature of these toxins, cycad ingestion is serious and should be treated aggressively.
报告临床和流行病学信息，总结特征性临床症状和实验室检查结果，并描述犬苏铁中毒的预期病程。
回顾性研究。
60只摄入苏铁的犬。
检索美国国家动物中毒控制中心1987年1月至1997年11月期间犬摄入苏铁植物的病例记录数据库。获取有关临床症状、实验室检查结果、接触史和体格检查结果的数据。病例被评估为中毒、疑似中毒或可能中毒。
检索到60只犬的记录；89.7%的犬来自美国南部，38.7%的犬摄入了种子，95%的犬出现肝脏和胃肠道问题，53.3%的犬有异常神经症状。血清胆红素浓度升高以及碱性磷酸酶和谷丙转氨酶活性升高是最常见的血清生化异常。虽然在1天内观察到临床症状，但摄入苏铁后24至48小时实验室值没有变化。据报道死亡率为32.1%。
68%的犬对治疗和支持性护理反应良好。摄入种子的犬可能会出现更严重的问题。临床症状可在1至3天内出现，并可持续数天。应根据摄入史、临床症状和症状持续时间做出初步诊断。由于这些毒素的性质，苏铁中毒很严重，应积极治疗。
