Takai K
Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Percept Mot Skills. 1998 Jun;86(3 Pt 1):763-70. doi: 10.2466/pms.1998.86.3.763.
The purpose of this study was to examine whether long-distance runners with high or low performance of recalling running pace differed in their use of cognitive strategies in a race. Recalling pace means the accuracy which runners have to approach their self-set target pace in a race. 60 male competitive runners who participated in a 20-km intercollegiate race were categorized as either runners with high recall of pace (accurate) or the runners with low recall of pace (inaccurate) on the basis of the discrepancy between a self-set target time and actual time. Analysis showed that the 30 accurate recallers used the attention strategies more frequently for recalling running pace, used the strategy of following other runners less frequently, and set a more appropriate finish time in accordance with their running ability than the 30 inaccurate recallers. The accurate recallers, who monitored their running pace and fatigue by using attention strategies, would reproduce more accurate self-set target times in accordance with their running ability.
本研究的目的是检验在比赛中，回忆跑步配速能力高或低的长跑运动员在认知策略的运用上是否存在差异。回忆配速是指跑步者在比赛中接近自己设定的目标配速的准确程度。60名参加20公里校际比赛的男性竞技跑步者，根据自我设定的目标时间与实际时间之间的差异，被分为回忆配速能力高（准确）的跑步者或回忆配速能力低（不准确）的跑步者。分析表明，与30名回忆不准确的跑步者相比，30名回忆准确的跑步者在回忆跑步配速时更频繁地使用注意力策略，较少使用跟随其他跑步者的策略，并且根据自己的跑步能力设定了更合适的完赛时间。那些通过使用注意力策略来监测自己跑步配速和疲劳程度的回忆准确的跑步者，会根据自己的跑步能力更准确地重现自我设定的目标时间。
