Khamboonruang C, Keawvichit R, Wongworapat K, Suwanrangsi S, Hongpromyart M, Sukhawat K, Tonguthai K, Lima dos Santos C A
Research Institute of Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Thailand.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1997;28 Suppl 1:65-72.
Opisthorchiasis due to Opisthorchis viverrini and transmitted through infected freshwater cyprinoid fish (carps) affects more than 8 million people in Thailand, People's Democratic Republic of Lao, and Vietnam. The Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP)-concept has been recommended by FAO and WHO to be included in programs to control foodborne trematode infections (FBT). HACCP is a multifactorial approach to control food hazards through surveillance of diseases, foods, and operations and education. This study describes the first attempt to apply HACCP to the prevention and control of Opisthorchis viverrini in pond culture carp (Puntius gonionotus). The experiment was designed and carried out by a multidisciplinary "HACCP team" including experts in the field of public health, parasitology, epidemiology, aquaculture, fisheries extension and fish inspection. The investigation was performed in two fish ponds in the District of Sun Pa Tong, Chiang Mai, Thailand. In the experimental pond, fish was cultured according to HACCP principles and compared with the control pond, which followed conventional aquaculture practices. Water supply to the pond, fish fry, fish feed and pond conditions during the growing period were identified as critical control points (CCPs). Hazards were identified and analyzed, as well as control measures, critical limits, monitoring procedures, corrective actions, and record keeping developed for each one of the above CCPs. Complete pond preparation, particularly aiming to eliminate contamination of pond water with O. viverrini eggs, fish infected with parasite meacercariae and the first intermediate host (Bithynia spp), was conducted. After the pond was filled with water, O. viverrini metacercaria-free fry were released into the pond. The preliminary results obtained indicate that HACCP-based principles applied to carp pond culture could be used as a strategy to prevent and control O. viverrini. Further studies should be undertaken aiming to confirm these preliminary results.
由 viverrini 华支睾吸虫引起并通过受感染的淡水鲤科鱼类（鲤鱼）传播的华支睾吸虫病，在泰国、老挝人民民主共和国和越南影响着超过 800 万人。粮农组织和世界卫生组织建议将危害分析与关键控制点（HACCP）概念纳入控制食源性吸虫感染（FBT）的计划中。HACCP 是一种通过对疾病、食品和操作进行监测以及开展教育来控制食品危害的多因素方法。本研究描述了首次尝试将 HACCP 应用于池塘养殖鲤鱼（野鲮）中华支睾吸虫的预防和控制。该实验由一个多学科的“HACCP 团队”设计并开展，团队成员包括公共卫生、寄生虫学、流行病学、水产养殖、渔业推广和鱼类检验领域的专家。调查在泰国清迈府 Sun Pa Tong 区的两个鱼塘进行。在实验池塘中，根据 HACCP 原则养殖鱼类，并与遵循传统水产养殖做法的对照池塘进行比较。池塘的供水、鱼苗、鱼饲料以及生长期间的池塘条件被确定为关键控制点（CCP）。针对上述每个关键控制点，识别并分析了危害，制定了控制措施、关键限值、监测程序、纠正措施和记录保存方法。进行了完整的池塘准备工作，尤其旨在消除池塘水中华支睾吸虫卵、感染寄生虫尾蚴的鱼类以及第一中间宿主（豆螺属）的污染。池塘注水后，将无华支睾吸虫囊蚴的鱼苗放入池塘。所获得的初步结果表明，应用于鲤鱼池塘养殖的基于 HACCP 的原则可作为预防和控制华支睾吸虫的一种策略。应开展进一步研究以证实这些初步结果。
