Perdigão C
Clínica Universitária de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa.
Rev Port Cardiol. 1998 May;17(5):453-61.
In what concerns the appropriate usage of drugs in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, this paper provides a set of concepts and guidelines to aid the clinician in the choice of drug, the appropriate dose, the form of administration and the assessment of results. Therefore, the concepts of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics which condition the administration regimen are also presented, as well as the notions of bioavailability, halflife and clearance in the light of the theory of the two compartments, quoting examples in the various pharmacologic groups currently used in cardiology. The main forms of administration and the respective indications are analysed and the concepts of tolerance, hypersensitivity and intolerance to a drug are also discussed. The importance of the major clinical trials in the assessment of the effects of drugs is supported, which consubstantiates the clinical decision based on scientific evidence. The notions of the efficacy and benefit of a treatment are presented, with examples of some recent clinical trials. The paper ends with a reference to the drug surveillance and cost-benefit studies.
关于心血管疾病治疗中药物的合理使用，本文提供了一系列概念和指南，以帮助临床医生选择药物、确定合适剂量、选择给药方式及评估治疗结果。因此，文中还介绍了决定给药方案的药代动力学和药效学概念，以及基于二室模型理论的生物利用度、半衰期和清除率等概念，并列举了目前心脏病学中使用的各类药物的实例。分析了主要给药方式及其相应适应症，还讨论了药物耐受性、超敏反应和不耐受性等概念。强调了主要临床试验在评估药物疗效方面的重要性，这为基于科学证据的临床决策提供了依据。文中给出了一些近期临床试验的例子，阐述了治疗的有效性和益处的概念。本文最后提及了药物监测和成本效益研究。
