Conspecific and heterospecific song discrimination in male zebra finches with lesions in the anterior forebrain pathway.

Adult zebra finches can produce normal song in the absence of Area X, IMAN, or DLM, nuclei that constitute the anterior forebrain pathway of songbirds. Here, we address whether lesions involving Area X and IMAN affect adult male zebra finches' ability to discriminate between conspecific or heterospecific songs. Intact birds and lesioned birds were trained on an operant GO/NOGO conditioning paradigm to discriminate between hetero- or conspecific songs. Both lesioned and intact birds were able to learn all discriminations. Lesioned and intact birds performed equivalently on canary song discriminations. In contrast, discriminations involving bird's own song took significantly more trails to learn for lesioned birds than for intact birds. Discrimination between conspecific songs in general also took longer in the lesioned birds, but missed significance level. Birds with control lesions medial to Area X did not show any differences from intact animals. Our results suggest that an intact anterior forebrain pathway is not required to discriminate between heterospecific songs. In contrast, Area X and IMAN contribute to a male zebra finch's ability to discriminate between its own song and that of other zebra finches.