[Acute phenytoin poisoning secondary to an interaction with ticlopidine].

INTRODUCTION

Ticlopidine and phenytoin are two drugs which are widely used in everyday clinical practice, the first as a platelet anti-aggregant and the second as an anti-epileptic agent. Their association is not uncommon, since there is a high incidence of epileptic crises of vascular origin in adults.

CLINICAL CASE

We present the case of a 77 year old man who had been treated for twenty years with phenytoin for partial crises secondary to a left frontal hematoma. He then followed treatment with ticlopidine for a femoropopliteal bypass, and the dose was later increased because of a vertebro-basilar ictus. On both occasions he presented with ataxia, dysarthria and nausea due to phenytoin intoxication. The blood levels of this drug were above the therapeutic level. The symptoms disappeared and the patient returned to normal after reduction of the dose of phenytoin and suspending treatment with ticlopidine.

DISCUSSION

The mechanism of action of ticlopidine at cytochrome P450 level, inhibiting the metabolic clearance of phenytoin, was responsible for this interaction. We have found only three other cases of interaction between these drugs in the literature, and ours is the first to be published in Spain.

CONCLUSION

We emphasize the importance of checking plasma phenytoin levels when starting treatment with ticlopidine, since it may be necessary to reduce the dose of phenytoin.