Schrager L K, D'Souza M P
Epidemiology Branch, Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
JAMA. 1998 Jul 1;280(1):67-71. doi: 10.1001/jama.280.1.67.
The eradication of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) from infected persons is the ultimate goal of HIV therapeutic interventions. Great strides have been made in developing potent antiretroviral regimens that greatly suppress HIV-1 replication. Despite these therapeutic advances, major obstacles remain to eradicating HIV-1. Reservoirs of HIV-1 have been identified that represent major impediments to eradication. Conceptually, there are 2 types of sanctuaries for HIV-1, cellular and anatomical. Cellular sanctuaries may include latent CD4+ T cells containing integrated HIV-1 provirus; macrophages, which may express HIV-1 for prolonged periods; and follicular dendritic cells, which may hold infectious HIV-1 on their surfaces for indeterminate lengths of time. The key anatomical reservoir for HIV-1 appears to be the central nervous system. An understanding of the nature of HIV within these reservoirs is critical to devising strategies to hasten viral eradication.
从感染者体内根除人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）是HIV治疗干预的最终目标。在开发能有效抑制HIV-1复制的强效抗逆转录病毒疗法方面已经取得了巨大进展。尽管有这些治疗进展，但根除HIV-1仍存在主要障碍。已确定的HIV-1储存库是根除的主要障碍。从概念上讲，HIV-1有两种类型的庇护所，细胞型和解剖型。细胞型庇护所可能包括含有整合HIV-1前病毒的潜伏性CD4+T细胞；可能长时间表达HIV-1的巨噬细胞；以及可能在其表面长时间保留感染性HIV-1的滤泡树突状细胞。HIV-1的关键解剖学储存库似乎是中枢神经系统。了解这些储存库中HIV的性质对于设计加速病毒根除的策略至关重要。
