Zhuang Z, Vortmeyer A O
Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Cell Vis. 1998 Jan-Feb;5(1):43-8.
A major obstacle to apply molecular biologic techniques effectively to the somatic genetic analysis of neoplastic tissue is the presence of abundant nonneoplastic elements in the analyzed specimen. These nonneoplastic elements, including reactive fibrous cells, vascular cells, and a variety of infiltrating white blood cells, may mask genetic alterations that otherwise would be easily detectable if the neoplastic cells were procured selectively. We have developed a microdissection technique which allows to selectively procure and genetically analyze small populations of neoplastic cells from the glass slide. In this report, we describe the microdissection technique and genetic analysis of archival frozen and paraffin-embedded tissue in general. Then, we review some implications of this approach of genetic analysis for mapping and cloning of new genes, identification of premalignant lesions, and differential analysis of different histologic components within the same tumor.
将分子生物学技术有效地应用于肿瘤组织的体细胞遗传学分析的一个主要障碍是，被分析标本中存在大量非肿瘤成分。这些非肿瘤成分，包括反应性纤维细胞、血管细胞和各种浸润的白细胞，可能会掩盖那些如果能选择性获取肿瘤细胞就很容易检测到的基因改变。我们开发了一种显微切割技术，该技术能够从载玻片上选择性获取少量肿瘤细胞并对其进行遗传学分析。在本报告中，我们总体上描述了显微切割技术以及对存档的冷冻和石蜡包埋组织的遗传学分析。然后，我们回顾了这种遗传学分析方法在新基因定位与克隆、癌前病变鉴定以及同一肿瘤内不同组织学成分的差异分析等方面的一些意义。
