Mrazek D A, Schuman W B, Klinnert M
Department of Psychiatry, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010-2970, USA.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1998 Feb;39(2):247-54.
The relationship between age of asthma onset and behavioral adjustment was analyzed using data from a longitudinal prospective investigation of 150 children identified prenatally as at genetic risk for developing asthma (the W. T. Grant Asthma Risk Study). The children's development and asthma status were monitored regularly for 6 years. Mothers were interviewed yearly using the Behavioral Screening Questionnaire (BSQ). Children who had an early onset of asthma (by 3 years of age) had significantly more behavior problems at age 4 than children who developed asthma later (between 3 and 6 years of age). Furthermore, the early-onset group had significantly more problems at age 6 than both children who developed asthma later and children who never developed asthma. Children with early asthma onset were compared to children who were asthma free on individual problem items of the BSQ, revealing a profile of behavior problems that included waking at night, depressed mood, and some indication of increased fearfulness. This profile is consistent with an earlier report of behavior problems among severely asthmatic preschool children (Mrazek, Anderson, & Strunk, 1984), who displayed the same internalizing behavior problems on the BSQ. These results suggest that early asthma onset may have predictable negative influences on behavioral adjustment over a wider range of asthma severity than has previously been reported.
利用对150名产前被确定有患哮喘遗传风险儿童（W.T.格兰特哮喘风险研究）进行纵向前瞻性调查的数据，分析哮喘发病年龄与行为调适之间的关系。对这些儿童的发育和哮喘状况进行了为期6年的定期监测。每年使用行为筛查问卷（BSQ）对母亲进行访谈。哮喘早发（3岁前）的儿童在4岁时出现的行为问题明显多于哮喘晚发（3至6岁）的儿童。此外，早发组在6岁时出现的问题明显多于哮喘晚发儿童和从未患哮喘的儿童。将哮喘早发儿童与无哮喘儿童在BSQ的各个问题项目上进行比较，发现行为问题的特征包括夜间醒来、情绪低落以及恐惧增加的一些迹象。这一特征与早期一份关于重度哮喘学龄前儿童行为问题的报告（Mrazek、Anderson和Strunk，1984年）一致，这些儿童在BSQ上也表现出相同的内化行为问题。这些结果表明，与之前报道的相比，哮喘早发可能在更广泛的哮喘严重程度范围内对行为调适产生可预测的负面影响。
