Mäkinen K K, Olak J, Russak S, Saag M, Seedre T, Vasar R, Vihalemm T, Mikelsaar M, Mäkinen P L
Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Finland.
Acta Odontol Scand. 1998 Apr;56(2):90-4. doi: 10.1080/00016359850136049.
Several studies indicate that xylitol (X) consumption is associated with certain biochemical changes in dental plaque and whole saliva. In making X-containing saliva stimulants more cost-effective and palatable, manufacturers may use maltitol syrup (MS, which normally contains some sorbitol and higher polyols) or polydextrose (PD, a polysaccharide molecule with a mass > 22 kDa) as bulking agents. Combinations of X with MS and PD have not been tested regarding their salivary effects. One hundred and eighty-eight young subjects (mean age, 22 years) of both sexes were divided into three groups of equal size for a 4-month study. The subjects in one group used X-MS dragees (in 7 daily episodes; 8 g X per day), while the subjects in another group used X-PD dragées in as many daily episodes (8 g X per day). Subjects in the third (comparison) group did not receive saliva stimulants. Paraffin-stimulated whole saliva samples were collected at baseline, after 2 months, and at endpoint. The usage of X-MS was associated with a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in the salivary sucrase activity. After 4 months, the activity of enzymes hydrolyzing N(alpha)-benzoyl-DL-arginyl-p-nitroaniline was significantly reduced in all groups, while the levels of free sialic acid were reduced in group X-PD only (P < 0.05). These salivary changes most likely reflected microbial shifts in the oral cavity and suggest that information from saliva studies may be of avail when deciding which bulking agents should be used in xylitol-based saliva stimulants.
多项研究表明，食用木糖醇（X）与牙菌斑和全唾液中的某些生化变化有关。为了使含木糖醇的唾液刺激剂更具成本效益且口感更佳，制造商可能会使用麦芽糖醇糖浆（MS，通常含有一些山梨醇和高级多元醇）或聚葡萄糖（PD，一种质量>22 kDa的多糖分子）作为填充剂。尚未对木糖醇与麦芽糖醇糖浆和聚葡萄糖的组合对唾液的影响进行测试。188名平均年龄为22岁的青年男女被分成三组，每组人数相等，进行为期4个月的研究。一组受试者使用木糖醇-麦芽糖醇糖浆糖锭（每天7次；每天8克木糖醇），而另一组受试者使用木糖醇-聚葡萄糖糖锭，次数相同（每天8克木糖醇）。第三组（对照组）受试者不接受唾液刺激剂。在基线、2个月后和研究结束时收集石蜡刺激的全唾液样本。使用木糖醇-麦芽糖醇糖浆与唾液蔗糖酶活性显著降低（P<0.05）有关。4个月后，所有组中水解N（α）-苯甲酰-DL-精氨酰-对硝基苯胺的酶活性均显著降低，而仅木糖醇-聚葡萄糖组的游离唾液酸水平降低（P<0.05）。这些唾液变化很可能反映了口腔微生物的变化，并表明在决定基于木糖醇的唾液刺激剂应使用何种填充剂时，唾液研究所得信息可能有用。
