Ferbas J
Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, 90095, USA.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1998 Jun;14 Suppl 2:S153-60.
It is clear that HIV burden drives CD8+ cell expansion and activation in vivo, but it has been difficult to determine whether the CD8+ cell response represents a significant anti-HIV force during the natural history of infection. This issue is illustrated by the fact that CD8+ cells cannot clear HIV infection, providing less than satisfactory evidence that CD8+ cells have any substantial effect on viral replication in vivo. The diligent efforts of a number of laboratories, however, are revealing the magnitude of the anti-HIV CD8+ cell arsenal. It is now well established that CD8+ cells can suppress viral dissemination and rates of HIV transcription in addition to their ability to destroy virus-infected cells directly. This is achieved through production of a growing family of HIV suppressor factors. These exciting developments are paving the way for new studies to readdress and potentially redefine the role of HIV-specific CD8+ cell responses during HIV infection. As we complete our understanding of how these effector activities work in concert to oppose HIV, the potential that CD8+ cell responses can be manipulated by vaccination or used in conjunction with HAART holds promise in the ongoing effort to eradicate HIV infection in chronically infected individuals.
很明显，HIV负担在体内驱动CD8+细胞的扩增和激活，但一直难以确定CD8+细胞反应在感染自然史中是否代表一种重要的抗HIV力量。CD8+细胞无法清除HIV感染这一事实就说明了这个问题，这提供了不那么令人满意的证据，表明CD8+细胞对体内病毒复制没有任何实质性影响。然而，许多实验室的不懈努力正在揭示抗HIV CD8+细胞武器库的规模。现在已经充分证实，CD8+细胞除了能够直接破坏病毒感染的细胞外，还可以抑制病毒传播和HIV转录率。这是通过产生越来越多的HIV抑制因子家族来实现的。这些令人兴奋的进展为新的研究铺平了道路，以便重新审视并有可能重新定义HIV特异性CD8+细胞反应在HIV感染期间的作用。随着我们全面了解这些效应活动如何协同作用来对抗HIV，通过疫苗接种来操纵CD8+细胞反应或与高效抗逆转录病毒治疗联合使用的可能性，为在慢性感染个体中根除HIV感染的持续努力带来了希望。
