von Fischern T, Lorenz U, Burchard W G, Reim M, Schrage N F
University of Aachen, Department of Ophthalmology, Germany.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1998 Jul;236(7):553-8. doi: 10.1007/s004170050120.
Mineral balance is essential for maintaining corneal transparency. In preliminary investigations, we found alterations of mineral concentrations in the human cornea after chemical burns. In this prospective study the mineral content of the rabbit cornea was quantified after experimental alkali burns.
Thirty-two eyes of rabbits were burnt for 30 s with 1 M NaOH. A short period of saline rinsing followed, but no further therapy was given. The eyes of 20 healthy rabbits served as a control. We measured the water content by weighing the cornea before and after drying. The mineral content of the cornea was determined in different stromal layers using energy-dispersive X-ray analysis in the scanning electron microscope. Groups of eight rabbits were examined on days 0, 1, 4 and 8 after the experimental burns.
After alkali burns the mineral composition of the corneal stroma changed considerably. Sodium was present in high concentrations immediately after burning, up to 708 mmol/kg dry weight, and returned to normal on day eight. Chlorine increased significantly throughout the whole period. Sulphur concentrations stayed almost normal, showing only a minute loss of ground substance after alkali burn. A considerable and increasing edema could be concluded from the water content.
Alkali burns resulted in a dramatic change of the corneal mineral content. Therapeutic intervention with appropriate solutions is required to restore and maintain the normal mineral composition of the denuded corneal stroma.
矿物质平衡对于维持角膜透明度至关重要。在初步研究中，我们发现化学烧伤后人角膜中的矿物质浓度发生了改变。在这项前瞻性研究中，对实验性碱烧伤后兔角膜的矿物质含量进行了定量分析。
用1 M氢氧化钠将32只兔眼烧伤30秒。随后用生理盐水短暂冲洗，但未进行进一步治疗。20只健康兔的眼睛作为对照。通过在干燥前后称量角膜来测量含水量。在扫描电子显微镜下使用能量色散X射线分析测定角膜不同基质层中的矿物质含量。在实验性烧伤后的第0、1、4和8天对每组8只兔进行检查。
碱烧伤后角膜基质的矿物质组成发生了显著变化。烧伤后立即出现高浓度的钠，高达708 mmol/kg干重，并在第8天恢复正常。氯在整个期间显著增加。硫浓度几乎保持正常，碱烧伤后仅显示少量基质损失。从含水量可以推断出有相当程度且不断增加的水肿。
碱烧伤导致角膜矿物质含量发生显著变化。需要用适当的溶液进行治疗干预，以恢复和维持裸露角膜基质的正常矿物质组成。
