Rihawi Safwan, Frentz Markus, Becker Jakob, Reim Martin, Schrage Norbert Franz
Augenklinik Universitätsklinikum, Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2007 Oct;245(10):1507-13. doi: 10.1007/s00417-007-0597-2. Epub 2007 May 10.
Immediate rescue intervention for chemical and thermal eye burns can save the victim's sight. We studied the anterior chamber pH changes immediately after ex vivo eye burn to investigate the effects of immediate and delayed intervention.
Twenty three enucleated pigs eyes were burnt with 500 microl 2 mol NaOH for 20 s using a cylinder with a diameter of 10 mm. The corneas were rinsed in groups with 1015 ml ordinary tap water at a flow rate of 1.125 ml/s for 15 minutes immediately after burning (n = 6), and after a delay of 20, 40, and 60 s (n = 5, 3 and 4 respectively). One group of eyes was not rinsed (n = 5). The intraocular pH was defined at the start as 'min pH' and the end as 'max pH'(DeltapH = max pH-min pH).
The intraocular pH increased sharply in the untreated eyes from a min pH of 6.76 +/- 0.55 to a max pH of 11.85 +/- 0.24, yielding a DeltapH of 5.08. The difference between the timepoint at which the pH began to increase and the speed of change was significantly different between the unrinsed and rinsed eyes, and there was an inverse correlation between this and the time at which rinsing started (p < 0.001). The best results were achieved in eyes rinsed immediately after burning (p < 0.001). The pH in the eyes not rinsed immediately increased rapidly, and in all groups in which rinsing was delayed the max pH was markedly higher (p = 0.093).
Immediate emergency rinsing is essential in eye burn victims. Appropriate rinsing solutions and treatment facilities in the form of rinsing stations where chemical burns may occur must be available at the workplace. Tap water is also effective as a rinsing solution.
对化学性和热性眼烧伤进行即时救援干预可挽救受害者的视力。我们研究了离体眼烧伤后即刻前房pH值的变化，以探讨即时和延迟干预的效果。
用直径10 mm的圆柱体将500微升2摩尔的氢氧化钠滴入23只摘除的猪眼中20秒进行烧伤。烧伤后立即（n = 6）、延迟20、40和60秒后（分别为n = 5、3和4），用10 - 15毫升普通自来水以1.125毫升/秒的流速冲洗角膜15分钟。一组眼睛未冲洗（n = 5）。眼内pH值开始时定义为“最小pH值”，结束时定义为“最大pH值”（ΔpH =最大pH值 - 最小pH值）。
未处理的眼睛眼内pH值从最小pH值6.76±0.55急剧升至最大pH值11.85±0.24，ΔpH值为5.08。未冲洗和冲洗的眼睛在pH值开始升高的时间点和变化速度之间存在显著差异，且与冲洗开始时间呈负相关（p < 0.001）。烧伤后立即冲洗的眼睛效果最佳（p < 0.001）。未立即冲洗的眼睛pH值迅速升高，在所有延迟冲洗的组中，最大pH值明显更高（p = 0.093）。
对眼烧伤患者进行即时紧急冲洗至关重要。工作场所必须配备适当的冲洗溶液和冲洗站形式的治疗设施，以防可能发生化学烧伤。自来水作为冲洗溶液也有效。
