Chastel C
Laboratoire de Virologie, Faculté de Médecine, Brest.
Bull Acad Natl Med. 1998;182(4):801-9; discussion 809-10.
Two arboviruses have been isolated from Mayenne, western France, in 1981-1982, during systematic field surveys: Eyach virus, a cultivirus from Ixodes ricinus and I. ventalloi ticks, and Erve virus, a nairovirus from the tissues of white-toothed shrews, Crocidura russula. For many years, these two viruses were considered as "orphan viruses" without pathogenic power for man, since it became evident that they circulate actively in Europe among populations of wild small and large mammals. Moreover, these viruses are able to infect human beings and were responsible for severe neurological disorders. The presently known geographical distribution of these agents includes France, Germany, Netherlands and Czech Republic.
1981年至1982年期间，在法国西部马耶讷进行系统的野外调查时，分离出了两种虫媒病毒：埃亚赫病毒，一种从蓖麻硬蜱和文氏硬蜱中分离出的培养病毒；以及埃尔夫病毒，一种从白齿麝鼩组织中分离出的内罗病毒。多年来，这两种病毒被认为是对人类无致病力的“孤儿病毒”，因为很明显它们在欧洲野生小型和大型哺乳动物群体中活跃传播。此外，这些病毒能够感染人类并导致严重的神经系统疾病。目前已知这些病原体的地理分布包括法国、德国、荷兰和捷克共和国。
