Tardive dyskinesia, clozapine, and treatment response.

1. Tardive Dyskinesia (TD) can be a serious consequence of the use of antipsychotic medications to treat psychotic illness. There is evidence to suggest that the atypical antipsychotic, clozapine, is less likely to cause, and may even ameliorate TD. 2. The authors reviewed their experience regarding clozapine and TD among patients in their Clozapine Clinic, and summarize some of the recent clinical literature in this area. 3. Retrospective review of chart records for 13 patients was carried out. Comparisons of TD and symptom rating scales were made: 1) between groups (with and without TD) at baseline; 2) between individuals (self as own control) in the TD group at baseline and at the end of the follow-up period. 4. Subjects with and without TD at baseline had a significant decrease in psychiatric symptoms over the course of treatment. 5. In those with TD at baseline, mean Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) score decreased by 85% over 10.3 +/- 5.5 (mean +/- S.D.) months at a dose of 358 +/- 196 mg/day of clozapine. 6. The data, and the recently published clinical literature on clozapine and TD, continue to support the striking utility of clozapine for chronically psychotic patients, and particularly those with TD.