Huang S C, Tsai S J, Chan C H, Hwang J P, Sim C B
Department of Psychiatry, Veterans General Hospital - Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1998 Feb;52(1):47-50. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1819.1998.tb00971.x.
Delirium, a transient organic psychiatric syndrome, is a common psychiatric diagnosis. It is associated with increased rates of morbidity and mortality in medical-surgical inpatients. There have been few reports describing the risk factors and prevalence of delirium among psychiatric inpatients. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the rate of delirium, the reasons for admission, the clinical features, the etiologies and the mortality during a 2 year follow-up in psychiatric inpatients admitted to a general hospital during a 3 year period. The results show that the rate of incidence of delirium in psychiatric and geriatric (age > or = 65 years) inpatients was 1.4 and 9.6% respectively. The most common cause of delirium was adverse effects of medication. The inpatient mortality (5.9%) was lower compared with reported mortality rates in medical-surgical inpatients. However, there was a high mortality rate during the 2 year follow-up period (39.4%), especially in older patients. The high mortality during follow-up stressed the importance of after-discharge care in these patients.
谵妄是一种短暂的器质性精神综合征，是一种常见的精神科诊断。它与内科-外科住院患者的发病率和死亡率升高有关。关于精神科住院患者中谵妄的危险因素和患病率的报道很少。本研究的目的是调查一所综合医院在3年期间收治的精神科住院患者在2年随访期间的谵妄发生率、入院原因、临床特征、病因及死亡率。结果显示，精神科住院患者和老年（年龄≥65岁）住院患者的谵妄发生率分别为1.4%和9.6%。谵妄最常见的原因是药物不良反应。住院患者死亡率（5.9%）低于内科-外科住院患者报告的死亡率。然而，在2年随访期内死亡率较高（39.4%），尤其是老年患者。随访期间的高死亡率凸显了这些患者出院后护理的重要性。
