Dolan P, Green C
Department of Economics, University of Newcastle, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK.
Health Econ. 1998 Jun;7(4):307-12. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1050(199806)7:4<307::aid-hec345>3.0.co;2-n.
Health state valuations, elicited by methods such as the standard gamble and the time trade-off, give an indication of the value that an individual attaches to particular health states. As measures of individual values, it has been argued that such valuations serve as poor proxies for social preferences, which, it is suggested, are a function of other factors, such as the initial severity of the patient's health state. The person trade-off (PTO) method has been proposed as a technique which takes account of many of these other factors. This paper reports on a study using the PTO to investigate whether an individual's preferences over treatments for themselves differ from their preferences when they are asked to think about the treatment of other people. The results suggest that there is indeed a difference, although qualitative data suggests that health gain is an important determinant of social value. This latter finding runs counter to those of a number of other studies which suggest that concerns about pre-treatment severity are as, if not more, important. Possible explanations for the differences are put forward.
通过标准博弈和时间权衡等方法得出的健康状态估值，能表明个人对特定健康状态的重视程度。作为个人价值观的衡量标准，有人认为这类估值并不能很好地代表社会偏好，社会偏好被认为是其他因素的函数，比如患者健康状态的初始严重程度。个人权衡（PTO）方法被提议作为一种考虑了许多其他这类因素的技术。本文报告了一项研究，该研究使用个人权衡方法来调查个人对自身治疗的偏好与被要求考虑他人治疗时的偏好是否存在差异。结果表明确实存在差异，尽管定性数据表明健康改善是社会价值的一个重要决定因素。后一个发现与其他一些研究的结果相反，那些研究表明对治疗前严重程度的担忧即便没有更重要，至少也是同样重要的。文中还提出了造成这些差异的可能解释。
