Ben-Yosef D, Shalgi R
Sara Racine IVF Unit, LIS Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Israel.
Rev Reprod. 1998 May;3(2):96-103. doi: 10.1530/ror.0.0030096.
At fertilization of the mammalian egg, the spermatozoon initially binds to and then fuses with the egg plasma membrane. This critical event activates specific biochemical pathways within the egg. Activation of the egg induces resumption of meiosis and the start of rapid embryonic mitotic divisions on the one hand, and cortical granule exocytosis leading to modification of the zona pellucida and a block to polyspermy on the other. It has been shown in different systems that changes in intracellular ion concentrations can serve as second messengers of signal transduction mechanisms. The use of specific fluorescence probes, combined with the image analysis technique, facilitates the measurement of their dynamics in real time in the living cell and, thereby, assessment of their role in activation of the mammalian egg. This review focuses on the dynamics of intracellular Ca2+ and pH and their role in transducing the sperm signal to downstream cell cycle regulators.
在哺乳动物卵子受精过程中，精子首先与卵质膜结合，然后与卵质膜融合。这一关键事件激活了卵子内特定的生化途径。卵子的激活一方面诱导减数分裂的恢复和胚胎快速有丝分裂的开始，另一方面导致皮质颗粒胞吐作用，从而引起透明带的改变并阻止多精受精。在不同系统中已表明，细胞内离子浓度的变化可作为信号转导机制的第二信使。使用特定的荧光探针并结合图像分析技术，有助于实时测量活细胞中它们的动态变化，从而评估它们在哺乳动物卵子激活中的作用。本综述重点关注细胞内Ca2+和pH的动态变化及其在将精子信号转导至下游细胞周期调节因子中的作用。
