Specific chromomeres on the chicken W lampbrush chromosome contain specific repetitive DNA sequence families.

Chromomeres 1 and 3 of the chicken W lampbrush chromosome contain most of the EcoRI and XhoI repeat sequence families respectively. These chromomeres were stained with DAPI and their sizes relative to other W chromomeres were observed. Their relative contents of EcoRI and XhoI repeats were determined using fluorescence in situ hybridization with genomic probes for each of the two repeat families. There were two types of W chromosome in the chickens (White Leghorn and Rhode Island Red) used in this study with respect to the amount of EcoRI repeat. A high-copy-number type has about 4000 copies of the 1.2-kb repeat per genome and shows a large fluorescence signal on W chromomere 1. A low-copy-number type has about 700 copies per genome and does not have a detectable chromomere 1 on W chromosome, nor does it show FISH labelling in the region normally occupied by chromomere 1. The genome of Fayoumi chickens has about one-sixth the amount of the XhoI sequence family of White Leghorns. W lampbrush chromomere 3 is much smaller and its FISH labelling with the XhoI probe is much weaker in Fayoumis than in White Leghorns. These results demonstrate that in the chicken W chromosome, specific chomomeres are occupied by specific DNA repeat sequence families.