Dolezal B A, Potteiger J A
Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health, Sport, and Exercise Sciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-2348, USA.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1998 Aug;85(2):695-700. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1998.85.2.695.
Thirty physically active healthy men (20.1 +/- 1.6 yr) were randomly assigned to participate for 10 wk in one of the following training groups: endurance trained (ET; 3 days/wk jogging and/or running), resistance trained (RT; 3 days/wk resistance training), or combined endurance and resistance trained (CT). Before and after training, basal metabolic rate (BMR), percent body fat (BF), maximal aerobic power, and one-repetition maximum for bench press and parallel squat were determined for each subject. Urinary urea nitrogen was determined pre-, mid-, and posttraining. BMR increased significantly from pre- to posttraining for RT (7,613 +/- 968 to 8,090 +/- 951 kJ/day) and CT (7,455 +/- 964 to 7,802 +/- 981 kJ/day) but not for ET (7,231 +/- 554 to 7,029 +/- 666 kJ/day). BF for CT (12.2 +/- 3.5 to 8.7 +/- 1.7%) was significantly reduced compared with RT (15.4 +/- 2.7 to 14.0 +/- 2.7%) and ET (11.8 +/- 2.9 to 9.5 +/- 1.7%). Maximal aerobic power increased significantly for ET (13%) but not RT (-0.2%) or CT (7%), whereas the improvements in one-repetition maximum bench press and parallel squat were greater in RT (24 and 23%, respectively) compared with CT (19 and 12%, respectively). Urinary urea nitrogen loss was greater in ET (14.6 +/- 0.9 g/24 h) than in RT (11.7 +/- 1.0 g/24 h) and CT (11.5 +/- 1.0 g/24 h) at the end of 10 wk of training. These data indicate that, although RT alone will increase BMR and muscular strength, and ET alone will increase aerobic power and decrease BF, CT will provide all of these benefits but to a lesser magnitude than RT and ET after 10 wk of training.
30名身体健康且有运动习惯的男性（20.1±1.6岁）被随机分配，参与以下训练组之一，为期10周：耐力训练组（ET；每周3天慢跑和/或跑步）、阻力训练组（RT；每周3天进行阻力训练）或耐力与阻力联合训练组（CT）。在训练前后，测定了每位受试者的基础代谢率（BMR）、体脂百分比（BF）、最大有氧功率以及卧推和深蹲的一次重复最大值。在训练前、训练中期和训练后测定尿尿素氮。RT组（从7613±968千焦/天增至8090±951千焦/天）和CT组（从7455±964千焦/天增至7802±981千焦/天）的BMR在训练前后显著增加，而ET组（从7231±554千焦/天降至7029±666千焦/天）则未增加。与RT组（从15.4±2.7%降至14.0±2.7%）和ET组（从11.8±2.9%降至9.5±1.7%）相比，CT组的BF显著降低（从12.2±3.5%降至8.7±1.7%）。ET组的最大有氧功率显著增加（13%），而RT组（-0.2%）和CT组（7%）则未增加；而RT组卧推和深蹲一次重复最大值的改善幅度（分别为24%和23%）大于CT组（分别为19%和12%）。在10周训练结束时，ET组的尿尿素氮损失（14.6±0.9克/24小时）大于RT组（11.7±1.0克/24小时）和CT组（11.5±1.0克/24小时）。这些数据表明，虽然单独的RT会增加BMR和肌肉力量，单独的ET会增加有氧功率并降低BF，但CT会带来所有这些益处，但在10周训练后，其效果程度低于RT和ET。
