Acid-induced responses in hamster chorda tympani and intracellular pH tracking by taste receptor cells.

HCl- and NaCl-induced hamster chorda tympani nerve responses were recorded during voltage clamp of the lingual receptive field. Voltage perturbations did not influence responses to HCl. In contrast, responses to NaCl were decreased by submucosal-positive and increased by submucosal-negative voltage clamp. Responses to HCl were insensitive to the Na+ channel blockers, amiloride and benzamil, and to methylisobutylamiloride (MIA), an Na+/H+ exchange blocker. Responses to NaCl were unaffected by MIA but were suppressed by benzamil. Microfluorometric and imaging techniques were used to monitor the relationship between external pH (pHo) and the intracellular pH (pHi) of fungiform papilla taste receptor cells (TRCs) following 2',7'-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein loading. TRC pHi responded rapidly and monotonically to changes in pHo. This response was unaffected by Na+ removal or the presence of amiloride, benzamil, or MIA. The neural records and the data from isolated TRCs suggest that the principal transduction pathway for acid taste in hamster is similar to that in rat. This may involve the monitoring of changes in TRC pHi mediated through amiloride-insensitive H+ transport across TRC membranes. This is an example of cell monitoring of environmental pH through pH tracking, i.e., a linear change in pHi in response to a change in pHo, as has been proposed for carotid bodies. In taste, the H+ transport sites may be concentrated on the basolateral membranes of TRCs and, therefore, are responsive to an attenuated H+ concentration from diffusion of acids across the tight junctions.