Karlsson P, Boeryd B, Sander B, Westermark P, Rosdahl I
Department of Biomedicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden.
Acta Derm Venereol. 1998 Jul;78(4):289-92. doi: 10.1080/000155598441882.
One-hundred-and-seventy-seven cases of cutaneous malignant melanoma were reported to the Swedish National Cancer Registry in subjects below the age of 20 during the period 1973-92. One-hundred-and-fifty-four (87%) were re-examined histologically, and the original diagnosis of primary cutaneous malignant melanoma was verified in 88%. The age-specific mean annual incidence rate increased to 0.5/100,000 in 1983-92 from 0.2/100,000 in 1973-82. Cutaneous malignant melanoma remained extremely rare in children below the age of 12, where only two cases were found. In subjects aged 12-19, the incidence doubled to 93 cases in the second 10-year period compared to 41 in the first. In boys, most of the melanomas occurred on the trunk, and, in girls, on the legs. Sixty-three percent of the melanomas were of the superficial spreading type, which also was the most rapidly increasing type of melanoma. These results emphasize the importance of surveillance and intensified preventive measures in protecting children and adolescents from the harmful effects of excessive exposure to the sun.
1973年至1992年期间，瑞典国家癌症登记处报告了177例20岁以下人群的皮肤恶性黑色素瘤病例。其中154例（87%）进行了组织学复查，原发性皮肤恶性黑色素瘤的最初诊断在88%的病例中得到证实。年龄特异性平均年发病率从1973年至1982年的0.2/10万增至1983年至1992年的0.5/10万。12岁以下儿童的皮肤恶性黑色素瘤仍然极为罕见，仅发现2例。在12至19岁的人群中，第二个十年期的发病率增至93例，是第一个十年期41例的两倍。在男孩中，大多数黑色素瘤发生在躯干，而在女孩中则发生在腿部。63%的黑色素瘤为浅表扩散型，这也是黑色素瘤中增长最快的类型。这些结果强调了监测和强化预防措施对于保护儿童和青少年免受过度日晒有害影响的重要性。
