Berg P, Lindelöf B
Karolinska Institute Danderyd Hospital, Division of Dermatology, Sweden.
Arch Dermatol. 1997 Mar;133(3):295-7.
To investigate whether there was an increase of malignant melanoma in children. Malignant melanomas are rare in people younger than 20 years. Although melanoma represents one of the most rapidly increasing neoplasm in adults, it is rarely studied in children.
Retrospective study from 1958 through 1992.
The compulsory Swedish Cancer Registry in Stockholm, Sweden.
We present 287 cases of malignant melanoma in patients younger than 20 years during 35 years in Sweden.
None.
Data from cancer reports and death certificates in Sweden.
The study shows a strong increase in malignant melanomas in puberty after a presumably constant prevalence before the age of 14 years. The melanomas are more common in females (162) than males (125). The distribution was the same as in adults. Of 287 cases, 44 patients died as a result of their tumors (15.3%), with a median survival time of 3 years after diagnosis.
The incidence of malignant melanoma during adolescence has doubled in 10 years. This is not the case for the incidence of melanomas in children younger than 14 years, which seems to be unchanged. It is necessary to be aware of the risk of malignant melanomas in children after puberty.
调查儿童恶性黑色素瘤的发病率是否有所上升。恶性黑色素瘤在20岁以下人群中较为罕见。尽管黑色素瘤是成年人中发病率增长最为迅速的肿瘤之一，但在儿童中却很少被研究。
1958年至1992年的回顾性研究。
瑞典斯德哥尔摩的瑞典强制性癌症登记处。
我们呈现了瑞典35年间287例20岁以下患者的恶性黑色素瘤病例。
无。
瑞典癌症报告和死亡证明中的数据。
研究表明，在14岁之前发病率可能保持稳定之后，青春期恶性黑色素瘤的发病率大幅上升。黑色素瘤在女性（162例）中比男性（125例）更常见。其分布与成年人相同。在287例病例中，44例患者因肿瘤死亡（15.3%），诊断后的中位生存时间为3年。
青少年期恶性黑色素瘤的发病率在10年内翻了一番。14岁以下儿童黑色素瘤的发病率并非如此，似乎没有变化。有必要意识到青春期后儿童患恶性黑色素瘤的风险。
