Jost R
Medizinische Klinik, Kantonsspital Winterthur.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1998 Jul 7;128(27-28):1104-9.
Active and passive immunization are the mainstay of hepatitis A and B prevention. The indication for active hepatitis B vaccination is acknowledged in adults travelling or working in endemic areas. Passive hepatitis A prevention with immunoglobulins is now indicated only in exceptional cases. While adolescents in Switzerland aged between 11 and 15 years will in future undergo general hepatitis B vaccination, in adults the indication is confined to risk groups. These are principally medical personnel or other groups in close contact with infected persons. Hepatitis B immunoglobulin prophylaxis remains confined to high-risk cases. No active vaccine against hepatitis C is to be expected in the foreseeable future.
主动免疫和被动免疫是预防甲型和乙型肝炎的主要手段。对于前往流行地区旅行或工作的成年人，乙型肝炎主动疫苗接种的指征是明确的。目前，仅在特殊情况下才使用免疫球蛋白进行甲型肝炎的被动预防。瑞士11至15岁的青少年今后将接受常规乙型肝炎疫苗接种，而成年人的接种指征仅限于高危人群。这些高危人群主要是医务人员或其他与感染者密切接触的群体。乙型肝炎免疫球蛋白预防仍仅限于高危病例。在可预见的未来，预计不会有针对丙型肝炎的主动疫苗。
