Recasens D, Pallarès M D, Fontdevila J
Institut d'Estudis Catalans, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.
Phonetica. 1998;55(1-2):53-79. doi: 10.1159/000028424.
Electropalatographic and F2 frequency data in /VlV/ sequences reveal more prominent C-to-V effects for Catalan dark /l/ than for German clear /l/, more so in the /i/ context than in the /a/ context, which is in agreement with the existence of high lingual requirements on the formation of two constriction places for dark /l/. German clear /l/ exerts a similar amount of F2 displacement on both vowels which may be indicative of the tongue dorsum being directed towards a target position; this is also suggested by dorsopalatal contact and formant frequency data showing less vowel-dependent variability than clear /l/ in other languages though more so than Catalan dark /l/. Salient anticipatory requirements for the implementation of /l/ in the two languages block V1-dependent carryover effects to a large extent which results in more prominent vocalic anticipation than vocalic carryover. This directionality trend in vocalic coarticulation is more obvious for Catalan dark /l/ than for German clear /l/ (in agreement with the former consonantal variety requiring more anticipation than the latter) and opposes German /l/ to clear /l/ in other languages (i.e., the less constrained /l/ variety of Spanish may favor vocalic carryover over vocalic anticipation in VCV sequences).
/vlV/序列中的腭电图和F2频率数据显示，加泰罗尼亚语暗/l/的C到V效应比德语清/l/更显著，在/i/语境中比在/a/语境中更明显，这与暗/l/形成两个缩窄部位时对舌位的高要求相符。德语清/l/在两个元音上产生的F2位移量相似，这可能表明舌背指向一个目标位置；腭背接触和共振峰频率数据也表明，与其他语言中的清/l/相比，德语清/l/的元音依赖性变异性较小，不过比加泰罗尼亚语暗/l/要大。两种语言中/l/的发音对前面元音的显著预期要求在很大程度上阻止了依赖V1的延续效应，这导致元音预期比元音延续更显著。这种元音协同发音的方向性趋势在加泰罗尼亚语暗/l/中比在德语清/l/中更明显（这与前者的辅音变体比后者需要更多预期一致），并且与其他语言中的德语/l/和清/l/相反（即，西班牙语中限制较少的/l/变体在VCV序列中可能更倾向于元音延续而非元音预期）。
