Szalay K S, Orsó E, Jurányi Z, Vinson G P, Vizi E S
Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest.
Horm Metab Res. 1998 Jun-Jul;30(6-7):323-8. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-978892.
In addition to hypophyseal control, steroid synthesis and secretion in the adrenal cortex is also under direct local neural modulation. We obtained morphological and neurochemical evidence that a substantial proportion of the noradrenergic nerve endings lie in close proximity to zona glomerulosa cells without making synaptic contact, thus providing evidence for a direct local modulatory role of catecholamines in steroid secretion. These noradrenergic neurones, like other noradrenergic neurones in the central nervous system, are able to take up dopamine (DA), convert it partly into noradrenaline (NA) and to release both NA and DA together with the co-transmitter ATP when neuronal activity drives them to do so. These catecholamines and ATP may reach zona glomerulosa cells via diffusion in a paracrine way and modulate the synthesis of aldosterone. The presence of ecto-Ca-ATPases, enzymes that may terminate the effect of ATP, was demonstrated around the nerve profiles indicating that not only ATP but its metabolites (ADP, AMP, adenosine) can also influence the production of aldosterone. These data strongly support the possibility of a paracrine, non-synaptic modulatory role of catecholamines and ATP in the regulation of adrenocortical steroid secretion.
除垂体控制外，肾上腺皮质中的类固醇合成和分泌也受直接的局部神经调节。我们获得了形态学和神经化学证据，表明相当一部分去甲肾上腺素能神经末梢紧邻球状带细胞，但未形成突触联系，从而为儿茶酚胺在类固醇分泌中的直接局部调节作用提供了证据。这些去甲肾上腺素能神经元与中枢神经系统中的其他去甲肾上腺素能神经元一样，能够摄取多巴胺（DA），将其部分转化为去甲肾上腺素（NA），并在神经元活动驱动时与共递质ATP一起释放NA和DA。这些儿茶酚胺和ATP可能以旁分泌方式通过扩散到达球状带细胞，并调节醛固酮的合成。在神经分布周围证实了ecto-Ca-ATPases（可能终止ATP作用的酶）的存在，这表明不仅ATP，而且其代谢产物（ADP、AMP、腺苷）也能影响醛固酮的产生。这些数据有力地支持了儿茶酚胺和ATP在肾上腺皮质类固醇分泌调节中具有旁分泌、非突触调节作用的可能性。
